Whether they have been edited, taken out of context, cleverly framed, or simply use optical illusions, images can sometimes be misleading... For each image, it's up to you to decide: is it authentic, has it been manipulated, or is it a montage? It's your turn! 1. Why are “conspiracy theories” often popular? They offer simple explanations for complex events and evoke strong emotions. They are always based on scientific facts. They help solve problems objectively. None 2. In this sentence, what is the fallacious argument used? -- “There is no evidence that aliens do not exist, therefore they must exist.” Argument from ignorance False dichotomy False cause None 3. A friend sends you a photo showing riots in the city center, saying it was taken today. You go to X and find it posted on several accounts and shared thousands of times. What should you do before believing it is authentic? Share it to alert your followers about the event. Check whether the image was taken at another event using a reverse image search. Rely solely on the account that posted it Consult several sources to see if the event has been reported by reputable media outlets. None 4. A website publishes a photo to illustrate an ongoing war. While searching the internet, you discover that the same photo was used to illustrate a different conflict several years earlier. What manipulation was used? Digital retouching An image taken out of context A deepfake A photomontage None 5. What does the term “clickbait” mean? A misleading headline that attracts attention but bears no relation to the actual content of the article. A type of informative article that is accurate and direct. A video advertisement that automatically opens when an article is played. None 6. A viral video claims that “the pyramids were built by aliens, because it is impossible that humans had such advanced technology at the time.” What bias is being used here? The argument of ignorance (“we don't know, so...”) The false dilemma fallacy Circular reasoning The ad hominem attack None 7. In this sentence, what is the fallacious argument used? -- “Why listen to this politician's advice on the economy? He failed in his own business!” Appeal to authority Ad hominem False cause None 8. What is the difference between misinformation and disinformation? Misinformation is intentional, whereas disinformation is an unintentional error. Misinformation is false information disseminated without the intention to deceive, while disinformation is created to manipulate. There is no difference; they are synonyms. None 9. If someone tells you, “I was cured of X disease thanks to naturopathy, it's proven!” or “I lost 10 pounds in a month thanks to a miracle diet, it's proven!” but doesn't provide any studies or reliable data, what is the biggest problem here? The person is surely talking about an exceptional case. This is a generalization based on personal experience without solid evidence. The person has probably completed a validated scientific program. The miracle diet is probably revolutionizing nutrition! None 10. During a debate, someone says to you: “Scientists don't want to admit the truth about global warming, they're paid by big companies to lie!” What cognitive bias is at play here? Confirmation bias. Representativeness bias. Anchoring bias. Availability bias. None Time's up
